Wine residue has been identified by Patrick McGovern's team at the University Museum, Pennsylvania, in ancient pottery jars. Records include ceramic jars from the Neolithic sites at Shulaveri, of present-day Georgia (about 6000 BC) [11], Hajji Firuz Tepe in the Zagros Mountains of present-day Iran (5400–5000 BC)[12],[13] and from Late Uruk (3500–3100 BC) occupation at the site of Uruk, in Mesopotamia [1]. The identifications are based on the identification of tartaric acid and tartrate salts using a form of infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). These identifications are regarded with caution by some biochemists because of the risk of false positives, particularly where complex mixtures of organic materials, and degradation products, may be present. The identifications have not yet been replicated in other laboratories.
The Greek symposium was a key Hellenic social institution, one that was also adopted by the Etruscan
The Persian wine has been a central theme of poetry for more than a thousand years, although alcohol is strictly forbidden in Islam.
A wine vessel from the 18th century BC
A bronze wine storage vessel from the Shang Dynasty (1600–1046 BCE)in China
16th century wine press
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